Active Shooter Response Guidelines

An active shooter is an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a populated area. Columbia University follows the nationally recognized RUN–HIDE–FIGHT model, consistent with guidance from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and NYPD SHIELD. These incidents are unpredictable, fast-moving, and dynamic. There is no single correct response. Individuals must quickly assess their situation and choose the option that best increases their safety.

RUN HIDE FIGHT

Run - Hide - Fight

If there is a clear and safe path away from the threat:

  • Leave the area immediately.
  • Trust your instincts. Do not wait for instructions.
  • Leave belongings behind.
  • Use stairs. Avoid elevators.
  • Help others escape if possible, but do not delay.
  • Move far away and seek a safe location.
  • Call or text 911 once you are safe.

Remember: Your goal is to avoid the shooter at all costs. 

If you do not have clear path to safety:

  • Move to a room out of the shooter’s view
  • Lock and barricade doors with heavy objects
  • Turn off lights and close blinds if available
  • Stay out of sight and behind hard cover (walls, heavy furniture)
  • Silence phones and alarms (including vibrate mode)
  • Remain quiet and calm
  • Do not open the door unless directed by law enforcement
     

Remember: Cover can stop or slow bullets. Concealment alone does not.

If you are in a hallway, open area, or space that cannot be locked or barricaded:

  • Continue moving away from the threat if it is safe to do so.
  • Use available cover while moving (walls, columns, large furniture, structural features)
  • Avoid open areas and long sightlines when possible
  • Change direction or elevation (up or down) if it increases distance and safety
  • Avoid dead ends
  • Move until you reach a more secure location or safe exit

Only if your life is in immediate danger and no other option exists:

  • Act decisively and aggressively
  • Work together if others are present
  • Use improvised weapons if necessary
  • Commit fully to your actions
     

Remember: This option should be considered only as a last resort, consistent with FBI and NYPD guidance.

Call or Text 911 for Help (When Safe)

  • Your exact location (building, floor, room)
  • Number of assailants
  • Description of the assailant(s) and weapons
  • Direction of movement
  • Number and condition of injured persons
  • Any explosions, smoke, or suspicious devices
     

Remember: Do not delay evacuation or hiding in order to gather information.

You may also contact Columbia University Public Safety, understanding that lines may be overwhelmed during major incidents.

Public Safety Emergency Contacts

Encountering Law Enforcement

  • Remain calm and follow all instructions
  • Keep hands visible, empty, and raised
  • Drop any items you are carrying
  • Avoid sudden movements, pointing, or yelling
  • Do not approach or grab officers
  • Expect officers to move past injured persons initially. Their priority is stopping the threat.
  • You may be detained for questioning once evacuated.
  • Remain in a secure location until authorities provide instructions
  • If trained, assist injured persons using bleeding control or first aid
  • Follow all official Columbia University and law enforcement communications